In vitro

Metabolism studies

• Study types
• - Metabolic stability
• - Metabolite profiling and ID (cold or radio-labeled)
• - Cyp450 enzyme mapping (reaction phenotyping)
• - Cyp450 enzyme induction and inhibition

• Test systems
• - Microsomes
• - Hepatocytes
• - S9 fractions
• - Cyp recombinant enzymes

• Interspecies comparison
• - Mouse
• - Rat
• - Rabbit
• - Dog
• - Monkey
• - Human

Freshly prepared hepatocytes are also available from rat and mouse. Bulk metabolite isolation and purification can be conducted upon request to obtain samples sufficient for further spectral investigation (i.e., 1-D and 2-D ¹H and ¹³C NMR).

Protein binding studies

• Equilibrium dialysis
• ultrafiltration
• ultracentrifugation

Whole blood/plasma partitioning studies for most species